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KMID : 1143420210140191264
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Public Health Weekly Report
2021 Volume.14 No. 19 p.1264 ~ p.1275
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Analysis of national surveillance of respiratory pathogens for children and adolescents’ community acquired pneumonia in Korea, 2018-2019
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Roh Eui-Jeong
Chung Eun-Hee
Kim Dong-Hyeok
Hwang Kyu-Jam
Kim So-Hyeon
Jung Sang-Oun
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Abstract
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Worldwide, respiratory infection in children ranks high in outpatient and inpatient cases. One type of respiratory infection,
community acquired pneumonia (CAP), is one of the most infectious diseases worldwide. The causes of CAP vary depending on individual susceptibility and the epidemiological characteristics of the season and the community within which it occurs. Among the many challenges that CAP confers, it is difficult to obtain samples for microbiological diagnosis. The aim of this surveillance was to identify the pathogens that cause respiratory infections and analyze the current status of antibiotic resistance to provide scientific evidence for management policies of domestic respiratory infection. To accomplish this aim, this study conducted a 24-month prospective study of CAP.
The monitoring network of this study was composed of 28 secondary and tertiary medical institutions based on the national community, and the study operated a community monitoring network for CAP in children, August 2018 to June 2020. A total of 1,023 cases were registered for nasopharyngeal aspirate or sputum in patients with CAP, and 264 cases (25.8%) were isolated by culture, S. aureus 131 cases (12.8%), S. pneumoniae 92 cases (9%), and H. influenzae 20 cases (2%). The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of atypical pneumonia pathogens revealed 422 cases of M. pneumoniae (41.3%), 5 cases of C. pneumoniae (0.5%), and 5 cases (0.5%) of B. pertussis. 14.1%. Furthermore, of the S. pneumoniae cases, 92 cases were resistant to penicillin and 8.7% were resistant to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone. 97.8% of the pathogens were resistant to cefaclor, and 93.5% were resistant to erythromycin. Of the 21 cases of H. influenzae, 71.4% were resistant to ampicillin and 38.1% were resistant to amoxicillin/K clavulanate, and 28.4% were resistant to rimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Of the 131 S. aureus cases, 53.4% were resistant to oxacillin, 48.1% were resistant to erythromycin, and 43.5% were resistant to clindamycin; no strains were resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, teicoplanin, linezolid and vancomycin. All 8 cases of K. pneumoiniae showed resistance to ampicillin and cefazolin. Of the 13 cases of P. aeruginosa, 7.7% were resistant to amikacin, cefepime, piperacillin and ceftazidime.
This study concluded that, in preparation for potential new epidemics and pandemics, including COVID-19, the monitoring of respiratory infections in children and adolescents has become more important and additional research should be conducted.
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KEYWORD
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Children, Community acquired Pneumonia, Pathogen surveillance, Respiratory bacteria
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